MCS024 : Question 1 (b) Java called machine Independent | June 2023 Paper Solution

Question 1. (b) Why is Java called machine independent language? Explain the functionality of JVM.

Answer :

Java is called a "machine independent" language because it can run on different types of computers and operating systems without needing major changes to the code. This is possible because of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

The JVM is like a special program that understands and executes Java code. When we write a Java program, it gets converted into a special kind of code called bytecode. This bytecode is not tied to any specific computer or operating system. Instead, it is a universal code that the JVM can understand.

When we run a Java program, the JVM takes the bytecode and translates it into instructions that the specific computer and operating system can understand. This process is called interpretation. The JVM reads and executes the bytecode line by line, making the program work on any type of machine.

The JVM also has a clever technique called Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation. While interpreting the bytecode, the JVM analyzes the program and identifies parts that are used frequently. It then compiles those parts into machine code that is specific to the computer it is running on. This compilation happens on-the-fly and improves the program's performance.

Another important role of the JVM is to handle various tasks that a program needs, such as managing memory, cleaning up unused resources, and dealing with errors. It provides a consistent and reliable environment for Java programs to run, regardless of the underlying computer or operating system.

Different companies create their own implementations of the JVM to make it work on different machines. These implementations adapt the JVM to the specific characteristics of the hardware and operating system. This ensures that Java programs run smoothly on different platforms.

In summary, Java is called a machine independent language because it uses the JVM to run on different types of computers and operating systems. The JVM interprets Java code, translates it into machine instructions, and handles important tasks for the program. This allows Java programs to be written once and run anywhere, making it a popular and versatile programming language.